Approximately 80% of the rural population in developing countries relies on traditional medicinal plants for their health care needs. The most vulnerable species were adansonia digitata, adenia spinosa, albizia adianthifolia, albizia versicolor, brackenridgea zanguebarica, croton megalobotrys, and warburgia salutaris. Responses to dehydration and conservation of the nonorthodox. The aim of the current work was to investigate the antimycotoxigenic activity, cytotoxic effect and antioxidant potential of selected south african medicinal plants extracts. A pharmacological investigations of south africa lichens, dessicationtolerant plants and medicinal tree, warburgia salutaris. Antidiabetic medicinal plants used by the basotho tribe of. It is found in eastern and southern african locations e. Distribution and conservation status of the endangered pepperbark. Creation of a national compound librarybiodiversity. Sources of drugs 52% of all drugs has some relation to natural compounds. Warburgia salutaris pepperbark tree newtonia hilderbrandi lebombo wattle category. Pdf the ability of warburgia salutaris extracts to protect against. Despitehaving a vast reserve of botanical specimens and a strong indigenous. Diabetes mellitus dm belongs to the group of five leading important diseases causing death globally and remains a major health problem in africa.
University of cape town,faculty of health sciences,division of clinical pharmacology, 2010 cited yyyy month dd. Warburgia salutaris cortex consists of the dried bark of warburgia salutaris bertol. General information about warburgia salutaris wabsa this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. O salutaris hostia studying the latin of the text verse 1 strict translation o salutaris1 hostia2 o saving victim quae3 caeli4 pandis5 ostium6 who openeth the gates of heaven bella7 premunt8 hostilia9 hostile wars press da 10 robur fer 2 auxilium. With a free trial of our online pdf converter, you can convert files to and from pdf for free, or sign up for one of our memberships for limitless access to our file converters full suite of tools. The current call for grant application is targeted at smes in southern africa 70% south africa, 30% other southern african countries who already have a product but have difficulty to improve the quality thereof, access andor grow their market, develop new products to expand their existing ranges andor become abs compliant with the understanding that the new products will be developed and. The genus warburgia was named after dr otto warburg, 18591938, who was born in hamburg. Journal of ethnopharmacology university of kwazulunatal. Evaluation of the phenolic and flavonoid contents and.
Warburgia salutaris pepperbark tree peperbasboom amolaka nsmulanga visibaha z 488 widdringtonia cedarbergensis clanwilliam cedar clanwilliamseder a 19 widdringtonia schwarzii willowmore cedar baviaanskloofseder a 21. A number of factors such as poverty, poor eating habit, and hormonal imbalance are responsible for the occurrence of the disease. Botswana, namibia, tanzania, zambia, mozambique, south africa, eswatini, malawi and zimbabwe and kenya. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. Creation of a national compound librarybiodiversity market bank. Endangered medicinal and timber harvested species forest tree bowiea volubilis subsp. Antifungal, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of south. Threatened species programme sanbi red list of south. The bark of warburgia salutaris is used and heavily exploited throughout southern africa for traditional medicine. Warburgia ugandensis sprague, which belongs to a member of canellaceae family, is a small evergreen tree distributed in eastern and southern africa. The presence of biologically active drimane sesquiterpenoid lactone constituents in the leaves, here demonstrated, provides the rational basis for their substitution for bark in ethnomedicine. Warburgia salutaris pepperbark tree peperbasboom a molaka ns mulanga v isibaha z 488 widdringtonia cedarbergensis clanwilliam cedar clanwilliamseder a 19 widdringtonia schwarzii willowmore cedar baviaanskloofseder a 21 staatskoerant, 29 augustus 2014 no. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. Ethnomedicinal uses of warburgia species have been recorded from east, central and southern africa for 30 human and 7 animal ailments.
An ecological evaluation of the sustainability of bark. In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of leaf. Warburgia ugandensis, warburgia breyeri, chibaca salutarus. Phytochemistry and antifungal properties of the newly. Strategies for the conservation of warburgia salutaris. The soutpansberg mountains within the limpopo province are south africas most northern mountain range, and are full of mystery and magic. He lectured in botany at the university of berlin, germany, and was also the author of numerous botanical papers.
Of these species brackenridgea zanguebarica and warburgia salutaris are amongst the ten most traded medicinal plant species in venda region. In the maasai community, this information is deeply rooted in their culture, transferred from one generation to the next orally. Our members will promote harvesting of leaves rather than bark and so encourage more sustainable harvesting practices. Warburgia salutaris canellaceae is an important, overexploited african ethnomedicinal plant threatened with extinction in the wild. Warburgia salutaris is used for the treatment of sores where the powder of the plant is applied directly rabe and van staden, 1997. The aqueous and organic extracts of the leaves from selected. A controlled in vitro study of the effectiveness of the. Hemileia vastatrix produces urediniospores, teliospores, and the sexual basidiospores. Canellaceae, a red data list species development of. Also recorded from zimbabwe, south africa, swaziland and possibly other countries. Warburgia salutaris pepperbark tree and securidaca longepedunculata violet tree are both used as multipurpose healthcare drugs. The specific epithet salutaris is latin meaning healthful. The aim of the study was to determine the phenolic and flavonoid content and evaluate the. A and b, bark as it is sold on traditional markets arrows show warburgia bark amongst several other bark samples, with b showing outer left and inner bark.
Warburgia salutaris has a severely fragmented distribution and an area of. We are proud to be a part of this awakening and offer you the healing power of africas medicinal herbs and traditional remedies. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. Warburgia bark has been commonly used as traditional medicines for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, cold, cough and sore throat, fever, malaria, respiratory and odontological problems in african countries. Of 700 mature individuals 38% were ringbarked and 7% felled, and some subpopulations had ring. Isibaha is a species of tree in the family canellaceae. Keith coates palgrave trees of southern africa, 3rd edn, 2 nd imp. The increasing population needing plant material has lead to severe pressure on the different environments.
A pharmacological investigations of south africa lichens. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of commiphora molmol tincture prepared in 86% vv ethanol, hydrastis canadensis tincture prepared in 62% vv ethanol and warburgia salutaris tincture prepared in 62% vv ethanol against candida albicans c. A phytochemical basis for the potential use of warburgia salutaris pepperbark tree leaves in the place of bark article pdf available january 2001 with 456 reads how we measure reads. Other threats are related to uses of a nonsustainable. Warburgia salutaris foi financiado por the mohamed bin zayed species conservation fund, project no. Review antimicrobial activity of south african medicinal. Robyns muangata tree liliaceae ornithogalum ornithogaloides kunth oberm tshihatsitshandila herb malpighiaceae acridocarpus natalitius a. V world congress on medicinal and aromatic plants and international symposium on plants, as factories of natural substances, edible and essential oils strategies for the conservation of warburgia salutaris family. Warburgia salutaris has a severely fragmented distribution and an area of occupancy of 192 km 2. Warburgia salutaris is widely regarded as the most highly prized medicinal plant in southern africa, and is. The impact of commercial harvesting on warburgia salutaris.
Warburgia salutaris wabsaoverview eppo global database. Warburgia salutaris isihaha and xysmalobium undulatum ishongwe. The english common name, pepperbark tree, relates to the pungent inner bark that. Warburganal has been shown to have cytotoxic and haemolytic properties, and 9 jans en, b. Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. The tree grows in welldrained soil, with good aeration and moderate watering. Warburgia species are used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, cold, cough and sore throat. Warburgia salutaris as well as the uncontrolled collection of firewood 66% of which is for local households in the area. Nov 28, 2018 fungal strains belonging to genus fusarium and aspergillus are known to infect crops, resulting in threatened food security and less agricultural crop yields.
Second, from a livelihood perspective, an understanding of the economic and health importance of traditional medicine at household and individual levels is required in order to design appropriate health and medicinal plant resource management policies. Ethnopharmacological potentials of warburgia ugandensis on. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks. Journal of ethnopharmacology 119 2008 342355 contents lists available at sciencedirect. Furthermore, it was reported that swahili healers of east africa considered the most efficient antifungal species of. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Canellaceae, or pepperbark tree, is one of the most highly prized tree species in south africa. Evaluation of traditionally used medicinal plants for. Warburgia salutaris metadata this file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. It is widely used owing to its soughtafter medicinal properties. In the present study, traditionally used plants were tested for their anticancer activity against skin and cervical cancer. Department of water affairs and forestry, republic of south africa.
Antifungal, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of south african. Several tree species, where the bark is used for treatment of pain and infections, are under severe threat. Unsustainable use and heavy exploitation of the species was first reported by gerstner in 1938. Responses to dehydration and conservation of the non.
Similar extracts were shown to reduce infectivity of both coxsackie b2 virus and hsv1, at most dilutions tested. Sustaining lives, livelihoods and landscapes ihc2014. Results the acetone extracts from waburgia salutaris revealed noteworthy antiproliferative effect yielding ic50 value of 34. You also get unlimited file sizes as well as the ability to upload and convert several files to pdf at the same time. Warburgia salutaris is a mediumsized, evergreen, aromatic tree growing to a height of 1020 m. Warburgia salutaris can be cultivated from seed as well as vegetatively from cuttings. Canellaceae, a soughtafter medicinal plant in southern africa, is on the verge of extinction as a result of overexploitation for illegal trade. It poses a major health challenge in africa continent today and the prevalence continues to increase at an alarming rate. Coffee leaf rust clr, caused by the fungal pathogen hemileia vastatrix, has plagued coffee production worldwide for over 150 years. As a result, people have developed their knowledge of these traditional medicines through their experiences and daily observations. Iv foreword although subsaharan africa and the indian ocean islands contain about 60,000 of the worlds higher plant species, roughly a quarter of the worlds total, less than 8% of the 1,100 medicinal plants. Dewolf mutshalimela shrub maerua juncea pax mukundulela shrub celastraceae elaeodendron transvaalensis burtt davy r. The second person singular of the verb pando, pandere, pandi, pansum or.
Endangered medicinal species bark utilized tree species ocotea bullata burch. Anatomy of the leaf and bark of warburgia salutaris. Wide distribution range outside mozambique but heavily utilised according to baseline reports. Distribution and conservation status of the endangered. The soutpansberg is also known for its high level of animal diversity, with many species found nowhere else on earth. An asian example would be the trade in himalayan medicinal plants such as jatamansi nardostachys grandiflora and. Infectiousseptic 21 methanol, aqueous various warburgia salutaris methanol bark extract, 0. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Warburgia canellaceae species have a long history of. On the hunt for the alternate host of hemileia vastatrix.
Soil should be rich in organic matter in the form of wellrotted compost. The aim of the study was to determine the phenolic and flavonoid content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the three medicinal plants. The english common name, pepperbark tree, relates to the pungent inner bark that tastes peppery. Creation of a national compound librarybiodiversity market bank prof vinesh maharaj november 2015. Africa is an immense storehouse of botanical wisdom. Sutherlandia frutescens, warburgia salutaris and xysmalobium undulatum. These plants are usually small evergreen trees or shrubs with aromatic bark. Traditional herbal medicines used for centuries are now emerging into the focus of modern medical treatment. A controlled in vitro study of the effectiveness of the plant. C, commercial bark harvested from young cultivated trees.
This article is within the scope of wikiproject plants, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of plants and botany on wikipedia. Pepperbark tree, pepperleaf, pepperroot, peperbasboom, east african greenheart, fever tree, isibaha. Witkowski school of animal, plant and environmental sciences university of the witwatersrand, johannesburg, south africa. Fungal strains belonging to genus fusarium and aspergillus are known to infect crops, resulting in threatened food security and less agricultural crop yields. Review antimicrobial activity of south african medicinal plants. This is largely due to the fact that they are home to thousands of. Pdf in southern africa, the medicinal plant warburgia salutaris is commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory and other diseases. Vulnerable species indigenous species facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the mediumterm future, although they are not a critically endangered species or an endangered species scientific name common name invertebrata. Cleistanthus schlechteri and afzelia quanzensis are both used in the wood carving trade izidine et al. Ishs xxix international horticultural congress on horticulture. African botanicals natures healing gifts from africa. Evaluation of the phenolic and flavonoid contents and radical.
Pdf a phytochemical basis for the potential use of. These results are in agreement with findings cited above for warburganal. The mic of neomycin, used as a control in this study, was 0. We have shown that ocotea bullata and warburgia salutaris have antiinflammatory and antimicrobial properties respectively. A nominative feminine referring to hostia and is the subject of the verb pandis. Iv foreword although subsaharan africa and the indian ocean islands contain about 60,000 of the worlds higher plant species, roughly a quarter of the worlds total, less than 8%.